U Rwanda rurimo gushaka uko rwagabanya gushingira ku mashanyarazi akomoka ku mazi

Oswald Niyonzima

U Rwanda rurimo gushaka uko rwagabanya gushingira ku mashanyarazi akomoka ku mazi, rugashyira imbaraga mu ngufu zituruka ku zuba, gaz methane n’izindi ngufu, mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ibura ry’umuriro rikunze kugaragara mu gihe cy’impeshyi.

Iki kibazo cyagarutsweho mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko, kuri uyu wa 10 Nzeri 2026, ubwo Abasenateri bagize Komisiyo y’Imari n’Ubukungu babazaga Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ingufu (REG) uburyo ikibazo cy’umuriro ubura bya hato na hato, cyane cyane mu gihe cy’impeshyi, kizakemuka.

Senateri Fulgence Nsengiyumva yavuze ko kuba u Rwanda rushingiye ku mazi mu kubyara igice kinini cy’amashanyarazi rukoreshwa bishobora gukomeza gutera ikibazo mu gihe amazi agabanutse.

Yagize ati “Ko dufite ikibazo cy’amazi kandi amashanyarazi menshi dukoresha akaba akomoka ku mazi, kandi mu mpeshyi ubu watubwiye ko yagabanutse akaba ari hagati ya Megawatt 200 na 235, bivuze ko yagabanutse kubera igabanuka ry’amazi.”

Yabajije niba iri gabanuka ritazabangamira gahunda yo guteza imbere inganda, cyane ko Leta ikomeza gushishikariza abashoramari kuzubak.

Ati “None ko tubwira abantu ngo nimwubake inganda, nimuture turabaha amashanyarazi, kandi hagabanutseho 1/2, ubu se ntitubataba mu nama!”

Senateri Nsengiyumva yabajije iki kibazo ashimangira ibibazo byari byabajijwe na Senateri Frank Habineza na Senateri Penina Uwimbabazi, na bo basabaga REG gusobanura uko ikibazo cy’ibura ry’amashanyarazi mu gihe cy’impeshyi kizakemuka.

Yavuze ko u Rwanda rukwiye gukoresha neza izindi ngufu rufite, zirimo izituruka ku zuba, nyiramugengeri na gaz methane.

Ati “Ko dufite izuba, twakoresheje izuba, twakoresheje nyiramugengeri tugashyiramo imbaraga, tugakoresha iriya gaz methane bavugaga, kuko byo turabifite ntabwo bihunduka.”

Yavuze ko gukoresha izo ngufu zitandukanye byafasha u Rwanda kubona amashanyarazi ahagije n’iyo amazi yaba yagabanutse.

Imigezi y’u Rwanda ntihagije ku mashanyarazi ahoraho

Claver Gakwavu, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa EUCL, ishami rya REG rishinzwe gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, yavuze ko imihindagurikire y’ikirere n’amapfa biri mu bituma amazi agabanuka, bityo bikagira ingaruka ku mashanyarazi akomoka ku mazi.

Yavuze kandi ko inyigo zakozwe zagaragaje ko imigezi yo mu Rwanda ari mito ku buryo bigoye kuyishingiraho mu kubyara amashanyarazi menshi kandi ahoraho.

Agereranya imigezi y’u Rwanda n’iyo mu bindi bihugu byo mu karere, yagize ati: “Utugezi twacu ni duto, ntabwo ari imigezi yakora amashanyarazi manini nka za Ethiopia, Kenya na za Uganda.”

Gakwavu yavuze ko usibye kuba imigezi yo mu Rwanda ari mito, n’imiterere yayo ituma kuyagura ngo hubakwe ingomero nini bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bidukikije no ku mazi ubwayo.

Yasobanuye ko n’aho amazi aturuka usanga atari menshi ku buryo byatanga icyizere cyo kubyazwamo amashanyarazi menshi kandi ahoraho.

Kugeza ubu, umugezi ugaragara nk’ufite amahirwe menshi yo kubyazwamo amashanyarazi ni uwa Rusizi. Gakwavu yavuze ko na wo ugiteza impungenge bitewe n’ibibazo biri mu karere, bigatuma ibikorwa byo kuwubyazamo amashanyarazi ahuriweho n’ibihugu bigenda biguru ntege.

Izuba na gaz methane biri mu byitezweho kongera amashanyarazi

Gakwavu yavuze ko REG iri kureba uko yakongera uruhare rw’amashanyarazi akomoka ku zuba, nubwo kubaka imishinga minini y’izuba bisaba ubutaka bunini.

Yavuze ko kugira ngo haboneke Megawatt imwe y’amashanyarazi akomoka ku zuba, bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho bifata imirasire y’izuba bigashyirwa ku buso bungana na hegitari imwe.

U Rwanda kandi rutegereje ko gaz methane yo mu Kivu izakomeza kugira uruhare mu kongera ubushobozi bwo kubyara amashanyarazi.

Kugeza ubu, abaturage bangana na 88.3% ni bo bagerwaho n’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda, mu gihe intego ari uko mu mpera za NST2, Abanyarwanda bose bazaba bagerwaho n’amashanyarazi.

U Rwanda rufite ubushobozi bwo kubona Megawatt 472 z’amashanyarazi, mu gihe biteganyijwe ko muri NST2 buzagera kuri Megawatt 615.

Nubwo ubwo bushobozi buhari, mu gihe cy’impeshyi umusaruro w’amashanyarazi ugabanuka cyane bitewe n’igabanuka ry’amazi.

Uruganda rw’amashanyarazi akomoka kuri gaze methane ruzaba rwuzuye umwaka utaha mu mushinga wo kubyaza iyi gaze Megawatt 165 z’amashanyarazi.

Mu yindi mishinga yitezweho kongera amashanyarazi harimo urugomero rw’Umuvumba ruherereye mu Karere ka Nyagatare, ruteganyijweho ubushobozi bwa Megawatt 50, ndetse n’umushinga wo ku mugezi wa Nyabarongo, aho hateganyijwe no gukoresha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba zikazatanga Megawatt 165.